Caroline Schelling

Sampling of Materials from the

Supplementary Appendix

to Volume 2

( All materials translated into English. Vignettes for illustration only.)

• Correspondence of Clemens Brentano concerning the Jena circle; for a time Brentano was close to Friedrich Schlegel and Dorothea Veit.

• Further selections (see index to volume 1) from the classic study of Rudolf Haym, Die romantische Schule (Berlin 1870).

• Various documents illuminating the art collection of Friedrich Moritz von Brabeck at castle Söder near Hildesheim, which Caroline and Wilhelm Schlegel visited in late 1800 while staying in Braunschweig after Auguste’s death. Documents include Wilhelm’s own review of Söder par S. S. Roland (Göttingen 1797) and an article by S. C. Horstig in Der neue teutsche Merkur (1799). Caroline herself provides extensive descriptions of her visit and of the collection itself.

• Selections (see index to volume 1) from Goethe’s novel Wilhelm Meister’s Apprenticeship to which Caroline refers, e.g. the text of Mignon’s funeral, to which Caroline disdainfully refers in response to Goethe’s suggestions concerning Auguste’s memorial.

• The description of the Dresden museum landscape painting of Salvator Rosa and the child in Raphael’s Sistine Madonna in Dresden, from “Die Gemählde,” in in Athenäum 2 (1799), likely authored by Caroline.

• Correspondence between Fichte and Schelling, including their final exchanges.

• Documentation illuminating Wilhelm Schlegel’s anonymous satirical play Ehrenpforte und Triumphbogen für den Theater-Präsidenten von Kotzebue bei seiner gehofften Rückkehr in’s Vaterland. Mit Musik. Gedruckt zu Anfange des neuen (Braunschweig 1801), as well as extensive excerpts from that play to which various letters refer, e.g., from Dorothea concerning the children’s delight with the character of Puseltusel.

• Oskar Walzel’s comments on Caroline’s moving letter to Goethe in late 1800 on Schelling’s behalf, from Goethe und die Romantik. Briefe mit Erläuterungen (Weimar 1898).

• Goethe’s ballad Johanna Sebus, which, according to a letter Schelling wrote to Pauline Gotter after Caroline’s death, Caroline read during her final days.

• The scene from Goethe’s Egmont involving Clara’s “blue mantle” to which Caroline alludes in a letter to Schelling.

• More passages (see index to volume 1) from Henrik Steffens’s memoirs, Was ich erlebte.

• Passages from Goethe’s Roman Elegies to which Dorothea refers.

• Poetry composed by Wilhelm and Friedrich Schlegel eulogizing Auguste Böhmer.

• The original translation (1837) of Schelling’s poem The Last Words of the Pastor of Drottning, in Zealand, as well as the passages from Schelling’s literary estate and Henrik Steffens’s memoirs concerning the original inspiration.

• The contemptuous reviews of Johann Bernhard Vermehren, Briefe über Friedrich Schlegels Lucinde (Jena 1800) and of (F. D. E. Schleiermacher, anonymous) Vertraute Briefe über Friedrich Schlegels Lucinde zur richtigen Würdigung derselben (Lübeck, Leipzig 1800), from the Allgemeine Literatur- Zeitung (1800).

• The review of Dietrich Wilhelm Soltau’s translation of Cervantes, Der sinnreiche Junker Don Quixote von La Mancha, (Königsberg 1800), published in the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (1800) which quite unaffectedly places it above Ludwig Tieck’s translation of the same piece; also Wilhelm and Friedrich Schlegel’s assessments of Tieck’s translation.

• The correspondence between Ludwig Tieck and August Wilhelm Iffland concerning the extraordinarily defamatory play (against the Romantics, and esp. Tieck) by Heinrich Beck, Das Chamäleon. Lustspiel in fünf Aufzügen, performed on 3 November 1800 in Berlin; also Wilhelm Schlegel’s exchange with Iffland on the matter.

• Goethe’s poem Amor als Landschaftsmaler (1787), which Caroline mentions in a letter to Schelling.

• Excerpts from Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron, “Tancred, Prince of Salerno, slays his daughter’s lover, and sends her his heart in a golden cup: she pours upon it a poisonous distillation, which she drinks and dies”, cited at length because of Caroline’s own allusion to passages and because of her reference to Auguste’s love of the story.

• The text (and translation) of various hymns to which Caroline alludes in her letters, e.g., Ludwig Helmbold’s old hymn Von Gott will ich nicht lassen (1563).

• Documentation concerning Friedrich Schlegel’s attempts to launch an academic career in Jena.

• Excerpts from Dorothea’s rather severe assessment of Friedrich Wilhelm Basilius von Ramdohr’s Moralische Erzählungen (Leipzig 1799) in Athenaeum 3 (1800).

• Correspondence between members of the circle before and after the death of Novalis (Friedrich von Hardenberg), including Friedrich Schlegel’s account of Hardenberg’s last days and Hardenberg’s brother’s accounts.

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s poems to Friederike Unzelmann (at the time: Bethmann).

• Excerpts from Garlieb Merkel’s review of Dorothea’s novel Florentin in Briefe an ein Frauenzimmer über die wichtigsten Produkte der schönen Literatur‎ (1801).

• Documents illuminating Wilhelm Schlegel’s lawsuit and problems with the original publisher for his translation of Shakespeare, Johann Friedrich Unger.

• Documentation and excerpts concerning yet another satire against the Schlegel’s and the circle, Gigantomachia, das ist heilloser Krieg einer gewaltigen Riesenkorporation gegen den Olympos ([Leipzig] 1800), including correspondence as well as assessments by Rudolf Haym and Wilhelm Dilthey concerning authorship.

• Documentation concerning and passages from Fichte’s Friedrich Nicolai’s Leben und sonderbare Meinungen, ed. A. W. Schlegel (Tübingen 1801).

• Friedrich’s Schlegel’s announcement in the Intelligenzblatt der Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (1800) of his plans to publish a complete translation of the collected works of Plato, a plan that Schleiermacher ultimately finished and that contributed to the break between Friedrich and Schleiermacher.

• Excerpt from Ludwig Tieck’s fictitious Letters on Shakespeare that inspired Schiller to begin work on on operatic piece, Rosamund oder die Braut der Hölle.

• Scenes from Schiller’s play Maria Stuart to which Caroline alludes.

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s review, in Athenaeum, of Évariste Désiré de Forges Parny, La guerre des dieux anciens et modernes. Poeme en dix chants (Paris 1799).

• Text (in English) of Theocritus, Idyl xxviii, “The Distaff,” in German in Athenaeum 3 (1800).

• Documentation of Wilhelm Schlegel’s changing assessment of Heinrich Voss, Homers Werke (Altona 1793).

• Passages from August von Kotzebue, Expectorationen. Ein Kunstwerk und zugleich ein Vorspiel zum Alarcos (1803), satirizing the Romantics and Goethe.

• Extensive excerpts from Goethe’s The Collector and His Friends concerning various modes of perception of art, from which Caroline directly draws, e.g., in an assessment of Ludwig Tieck.

• Passages from Dorothea’s novel, Florentin.

• Resolution of various biblical allusions.

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s review “Ueber die berlinische Kunstausstellung von 1802,” Zeitung für die elegante Welt (1803), which he used as an occasion to needle both the sculptor Johann Gottfried Schadow and August von Kotzebue.

• Excerpts from August von Kotzebue’s bizarre account, “Enthüllung einer völlig erdichteten Krankengeschichte zum Behuf des Brownschen Systems, in Röschlaubs Magazin zur Vervollkommnung der Heilkunde,” in Journal der practischen Arzneykunde und Wundarzneykunst (1801), concerning allegedly false claims regarding his own earlier illness and attempts at healing according to the Brownian method.

• Material from Varnhagen von Ense concerning Sophie Bernhardi’s marital situation and the preliminary circumstances prompting her separation and, later, divorce from August Ferdinand Bernhardi.

• Material regarding Sophie Bernhardi’s unusual relationship with her brother Ludwig Tieck, whom she allegedly earlier “tormented” with passionate jealousy.

• The draft (never sent) of an unusually blunt and scathing letter from Wilhelm Schlegel to Fichte from December 1808 concerning the latter’s insulting insinuations regarding Sophie Bernhardi and Wilhelm Schlegel’s relationship with her.

• Materials from Madame de Staël (De l’Allemagne) and Henrik Steffens celebrating Friederike Unzelmann’s performance in the lead role of August von Kotzebue’s romantic tableau, Johann von Montfaucon (Leipzig 1800).

• Documents concerning Wilhelm Schlegel’s negative assessment of Schiller’s work.

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s poetry dedicated to Sophie Bernhardi.

• Material concerning Sophie Bernhardi’s attempts to convince Wilhelm Schlegel that he was the father of the child to which Sophie gave birth on 6 November 1802, Felix Bernhardi, about whom Caroline quips, “His name is Felix, and he has brown eyes and blond hair, like his mother, but not a single feature from his father – so that he actually does not seem to have a father at all.”

• Excerpts from the notorious “Litterarischer Reichsanzeiger” in Athenaeum 2 (1799), which Caroline could hardly bring herself to read, so much did she fear the consequences of its publication.

• Correspondence concerning Friederike Unzelmann’s performances in Weimar between 19 September and 2 October 1801 (Wilhelm Schlegel spent eleven days––till 2 October 1801––in Weimar accompanied by both Caroline and Schelling).

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s written declaration of, essentially, serfdom to Madam de Staël on 18 October 1805 (“My person and life are at your disposal, you need but command and prohibit––I will obey in every way”).

• Material from Ludwig Geiger, Berlin 1688–1840 (Berlin 1893) concerning life in Berlin at the time, e.g., an establishment where Schleiermacher and Friedrich Schlegel were wont to spend late evening hours.

• Material documenting the sculptor Friedrich Tieck’s work in Weimar, including his reworking of the bust of Goethe by Alexander Trippel.

• Material documenting the art competitions during the initial years of the nineteenth century conducted by Goethe and the Weimar Friends of the Arts, about which Caroline writes at length in her letters.

• Reviews of Johann Daniel Falk’s anti-Romantic Taschenbuch für Freunde des Scherzes und der Satire by Christoph Martin Wieland, Wilhelm Schlegel, and Ludwig Tieck.

• Reviews published by Schleiermacher in the Erlanger Litteratur-Zeitung and Athenaeum.

• Correspondence between Schiller and Friederike Unzelmann concerning the latter’s chagrin at not receiving the role of Johanna in Schiller’s Die Jungfrau von Orleans, which was performed on 23 November 1801 in Berlin by Henriette Meyer instead.

• Several scenes from Shakespeare’s Midsummer-Night’s Dream to which Caroline refers, e.g., in which Hermia, the “little one,” squabbles vehemently and threateningly with “tall” Helena: Friederike Unzelmann was of diminutive stature, and Caroline muses on how the scene might be performed by Unzeline as Hermia and Henriette Meyer as Helena.

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s review of the performance Friederike Unzelmann’s benefit performance on 14 May 1802 in Berlin.

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s complete set directions for his play Ion.

• Extensive documentation concerning the performance, critiques–both repressed (Karl August Böttiger) and published (August von Kotzebue’s Expectorationen)–and scandal (Creusa’s monologue) generated by the performance of Wilhelm’s Ion. Also extensive passages from the play.

• Excerpts from the correspondence between Caroline, Schelling, and Wilhelm Schlegel concerning the performance of Wilhelm’s play Ion on 2 January 1802 as played out in the Zeitung für die elegante Welt (1802) (also mentioned in connection with Caroline’s literary reviews).

• Passages from Wilhelm Schlegel’s Berlin lectures (A. W. Schlegels Vorlesungen Über schöne Litteratur und Kunst).

• Friedrich Tieck’s color costume drawings for the characters in Wilhelm’s play Ion.

• Material documenting the withdrawal of August von Kotzebue’s play Die deutschen Kleinstädter, scheduled to be performed in Weimar; Kotzebue withdrew it after Goethe deleted or changed certain passages attacking the Schlegels.

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• Passages from various works by Goethe and Schiller to which Caroline and others allude.

• Material documenting August von Kotzebue’s shipwrecked attempt to stage a celebration for Schiller on 5 March 1802, whose intention included aggravating Goethe.

• Wilhelm Schlegel’s dismissive review of “Regulus. Tragedy by Collin,” Zeitung für die elegante Welt (1802).

• Documents discussing the “complete failure” of Friedrich Schlegel’s play Alarcos in Weimar.

• Documents concerning the Italian improvisator Pietro Scotes and his performances in Weimar and the surroundings.

• Documents concerning the unexpected award of the degree of Doctor of Medicine on Schelling by the medical faculty at Landshut.

• Documentation concerning the infamous “Bamberg theses” as reviewed in the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung and Schelling’s response in his “Benehmen des Obscurantismus gegen die Naturphilosophie,” Neue Zeitschrift für spekulative Physik (1802), including Rudolf Haym’s assessment of Schelling’s immoderate language against the “innate bestiality” of his adversaries, etc.

• The infamous review in the Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung of Franz Berg’s Lob der allerneuesten Philosophie, with its insinuation that Schelling contributed to the death of Auguste in Bad Bocklet (Wilhelm Schlegel’s response, Rebuke of a Defamation of Character, is included in the main text of this edition, as is the complete correspondence between Schelling and Wilhelm concerning the matter). Other materials related to this incident are also included here.

• Material related to Caroline’s malicious assertion that the only son of H. E. G. and Karoline Paulus, August Wilhelm Paulus (1802–19), who was born on 3 May 1802, might have had either an apostle (Paulus) or evangelist ([Adalbert Friedrich] Marcus) as his father.

• Material concerning the exodus from Jena of some of its most distinguished faculty members in 1803.

• Extensive excerpts from Friedrich Wilhelm von Hoven’s autobiography, Biographie des Doctor Friedrich Wilhelm von Hoven (Nürnberg 1840), concerning the emergence of the new university in Würzburg in 1803, faculty appointments, and life there among the faculty.

• Documents concerning the poet Friedrich Hölderlin’s encounter with Schelling (and Caroline, though she does not mention the encounter) in 1803 and Hölderlin’s deteriorated mental condition.

• Correspondence, not included in the main text, concerning Schelling’s many and various problems at the university in Würzburg.

• Schelling’s anonymous missive to the Intelligenzblatt der jenaischen allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung (1806) concerning conditions and problems at the university in Würzburg after the ceding of Würzburg to the prince elector of Salzburg.

• Excerpts from Kuno Fischer, Schellings Leben, Werke und Lehre (Heidelberg 1902), concerning Schelling’s time in Jena, Würzburg, and Munich.

• Benjamin Constant’s account of his initial meeting with Schelling (from Journal intime de Benjamin Constant et lettres à sa famille et ses amis).

• Therese Huber’s account of her meeting in Ulm with Wilhelm Schlegel in a letter to her daughter, Therese Forster, on 10 May 1804 (“But good heavens! what a sad, ruined creature! The face of a corpse, such sickly movements, and then a whiff of Andromache”).

• Documents concerning Adalbert Friedrich Marcus’s scandal involving Konrad Joseph Kilian, into which Schelling was drawn at least by association.

• Complete text of Franz Xaver von Wegele’s famous and informative lecture, “Ein Frauenkrieg an der Universität Würzburg [A Ladies' War at the University of Würzburg],” Allgemeine Zeitung (1885), detailing Caroline’s relationships with other faculty wives in Würzburg.

• Johann Jakob Wagner critical comments on Schelling in the introduction to his System der Idealphilosophie (Leipzig 1804).

• An explanation concerning the Rumford coffee machine to which Caroline refers and which also plays a role in Hegel’s letters, the texts of which are included as well.

• Passages in Carl Joseph Windischmann’s Ideen zur Physik in connection with speculation surrounding the discovery of the asteroids Ceres (1 January 1801), Pallas (28 March 1802), Juno (1 September 1804), and Vesta (29 March 1807) that prompted merciless criticism from Schelling. A trenchant illustration of how little criticism Schelling could tolerate and the frequently immoderate nature of his defensive reaction.

• Passages from Karl Alexander Reichlin-Meldegg, Heinrich Eberhard Gottlob Paulus und seine Zeit (Stuttgart 1853) concerning H. E. G. Paulus’s situation at the university in Würzburg.

• The passage from Goethe’s Faust. Ein Fragment from which Dorothea draws her malicious nickname for Caroline as “Martha Schwerdtlein,” with its implications concerning how Caroline dealt with Auguste.

• Background material illuminating the situation prompting Schelling’s “To the Public” of 6 May 1805 in the Intelligenzblatt der jenaischen allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung.

• Friedrich Schlegel’s letter of application for a position in Würzburg to Count Friedrich Karl von Thürheim on 10 July 1805, when Caroline and Schelling were yet in Würzburg.

• Material documenting Andreas Röschlaub’s break with Schelling’s philosophy of nature and dismissive reaction to Schelling’s own distancing from the Brownian method of healing.

• Material illuminating specifics of the background to Caroline’s dismayed and indignant description of the events leading up to the marriage on 13/14 January 1806 between Eugène de Beauharnais, Viceroy of Naples and Josephine’s son, to Princess Augusta of Bavaria, daughter of Max Joseph, who had been king since the beginning of the year.

• Excerpts from the review of Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Über das Wesen des Gelehrten (Berlin 1806) in the Jenaische Allgemeine Literatur Zeitung (1806), which Caroline mentions in a letter to Schelling and which contains certain barbs against Wilhelm Schlegel.

• Amusing correspondence from Therese Huber concerning Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and his two half-sisters, Helene and Charlotte, with whom he lived; also excerpts from the memoirs of the painter Luise Seidler and letters of Bettina von Arnim about this household; also several letters from Jacobi himself concerning subjects to which Caroline refers in her letters.

• The derisive review (to which Caroline refers in a letter to Schelling) in the Jenaische Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (1806) of a special printing from Ludwig Wilhelm Gilbert’s Annalen der Physik directed against Schelling’s philosophy of nature.

• Schelling’s anonymous missive to the Intelligenzblatt der jenaischen allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung (1807) in which he attacks the reactionaries Franz Berg, Franz Oberthür, Andreas Metz, and Joseph Rückert by name in defense of G. M. Klein; the Würzburg administration lodged a complaint against the newspaper demanding the name of the author.

• Excerpts from Schelling’s review of Fichte’s Wesen des Gelehrten in the Jenaische Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung (1806).

• Henrik Steffens’s account of his experiences in Halle before, during, and after the siege and occupation by the French in the autumn of 1806.

• Johanna Frommann’s detailed eyewitness account of the French occupation of Jena during that campaign in October of 1806 (from Das Frommannsche Haus und seine Freunde [Jena 1870]), and the painter Luise Seidler’s complementary account. Caroline still had friends in Jena and mentions their plight in her letters.

• Materials concerning the Italian dowser Francesco Campetti, about whom both Caroline and Schelling write extensively in their correspondence; includes Johann Wilhelm Ritter’s remarks in an article from the Morgenblatt für gebildete Stände (1807), disclosing surprisingly similar wording between his and Caroline’s accounts. Also Schelling’s lengthy account of this phenomenon from the Intelligenzblatt der jenaischen allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung (1807), documentation from contemporary publications of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities, in part humorous remarks from the memoirs of Henrik Steffens, and the passages in Goethe’s Elective Affinities and Wilhelm Meister’s Travels inspired by these events.

• Documentation concerning Schelling’s extraordinarily successfully lecture in Munich, On the Relation of the Plastic Arts to Nature, which Caroline mentions on several occasions in her letters.

• An explanation of Schelling’s membership in two different Bavarian societies: the Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the Academy of Fine Arts, of the latter of which he was the general secretary, and the announcement in the Intelligenzblatt der jenaischen allgemeinen Literatur-Zeitung (1808) concerning the awards he implemented in that capacity.

• Documentation concerning Friedrich and Dorothea Schlegel’s conversion to Catholicism.

• Resolution of Caroline’s vague recollection of the fairy tale “Prince Tity” in Madam Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont’s Magasin des enfants (1756).

• Passages from Goethe’s diaries recalling his time in Karlsbad in the company of Pauline Gotter, Schelling’s second wife.

• Passages from Bettina von Arnim’s correspondence with Goethe and correspondence between Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, and others concerning life in Munich during Caroline’s time there. Bettina provides entertaining vignettes about Friedrich Tieck’s work on Schelling’s bust at the time.

• Documentation concerning the rumor of Ludwig Tieck’s alleged conversion to Catholicism.

• Correspondence concerning news of Caroline’s death in 1809.